A silicone or polysiloxane are polymers made up of siloxane
(âˆ'R2Siâˆ'Oâˆ'SiR2âˆ', where R = organic group). They are typically
colorless, oils or rubber-like substances. Silicones are used in
sealants, adhesives, lubricants, medicine, cooking utensils, and
thermal and electrical insulation. Some common forms include silicone
oil, silicone grease, silicone rubber, silicone resin, and silicone
caulk.More precisely called polymerized siloxanes or polysiloxanes,
silicones consist of an inorganic siliconâ€"oxygen backbone chain
(⋯âˆ'Siâˆ'Oâˆ'Siâˆ'Oâˆ'Siâˆ'Oâˆ'⋯) with two organic groups
attached to each silicon center. Commonly, the organic groups are
methyl. The materials can be cyclic or polymeric. By varying the
âˆ'Siâˆ'Oâˆ' chain lengths, side groups, and crosslinking, silicones
can be synthesized with a wide variety of properties and compositions.
They can vary in consistency from liquid to gel to rubber to hard
plastic. The most common siloxane is linear polydimethylsiloxane
(PDMS), a silicone oil. The second-largest group of silicone materials
is based on silicone resins, which are formed by branched and
cage-like oligosiloxanes.F. S. Kipping coined the word silicone in
1901 to describe the formula of polydiphenylsiloxane, Ph2SiO (Ph
denoting phenyl, C6H5), by analogy with the formula of the ketone
benzophenone, Ph2CO (his term was originally silicoketone). Kipping
was well aware that polydiphenylsiloxane is polymeric whereas
benzophenone is monomeric and noted the contrasting properties of
Ph2SiO and Ph2CO. The discovery of the structural differences between
Kipping's molecules and the ketones means that silicone is no longer
the correct term (though it remains in common usage) and that the term
siloxanes is correct according to the nomenclature of modern
chemistry.Silicone is often confused with silicon, but they are
distinct substances. Silicon is a chemical element, a hard dark-grey
semiconducting metalloid, which in its crystalline form is used to
make integrated circuits ("electronic chips") and solar cells.
Silicones are compounds that contain silicon, carbon, hydrogen,
oxygen, and perhaps other kinds of atoms as well, and have very
different physical and chemical properties. Silicone Biography, NetWorth, Height, Age, Weight, Family, Married, Son, Daughter