Historical fiction is a literary genre in which the plot takes place
in a setting located in the past. Although the term is commonly used
as a synonym for the historical novel, it can also be applied to other
types of narrative, including theatre, opera, cinema, and television,
as well as video games and graphic novels.An essential element of
historical fiction is that it is set in the past and pays attention to
the manners, social conditions and other details of the depicted
period. Authors also frequently choose to explore notable historical
figures in these settings, allowing readers to better understand how
these individuals might have responded to their environments. Some
subgenres such as alternate history and historical fantasy insert
speculative or ahistorical elements into a novel.An essential element
of historical fiction is that it is set in the past and pays attention
to the manners, social conditions and other details of the depicted
period. Authors also frequently choose to explore notable historical
figures in these settings, allowing readers to better understand how
these individuals might have responded to their environments. Some
subgenres such as alternate history and historical fantasy insert
speculative or ahistorical elements into a novel.Works of historical
fiction are sometimes criticized for lack of authenticity because of
readerly criticism or genre expectations for accurate period details.
This tension between historical authenticity, or historicity, and
fiction frequently becomes a point of comment for readers and popular
critics, while scholarly criticism frequently goes beyond this
commentary, investigating the genre for its other thematic and
critical interests.Historical fiction as a contemporary Western
literary genre has its foundations in the early-19th-century works of
Sir Walter Scott and his contemporaries in other national literatures
such as the Frenchman Honoré de Balzac, the American James Fenimore
Cooper, and later the Russian Leo Tolstoy. However, the melding of
"historical" and "fiction" in individual works of literature has a
long tradition in most cultures; both western traditions (as early as
Ancient Greek and Roman literature) as well as Eastern, in the form of
oral and folk traditions (see mythology and folklore), which produced
epics, novels, plays and other fictional works describing history for
contemporary audiences.
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